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That happened in 13 of the 551 patients in the systematic review. For the subjects in this review, the most common adverse effect was that zolpidem did, in fact, sedate the patients as one would see in regular use of the drug. The response rate in the reviewed articles was between 5 and 7 percent for patients with disorders of consciousness, and up to 24 percent or even higher for patients with movement disorders. Some families will request zolpidem after finding a case study or news article online because they feel there are no other real options for their loved ones.īut zolpidem didn't work for everyone. "This is one of those strange paradoxes where the effects of an insomnia drug seem to have the opposite effect for patients who have paralysis or neurologic conditions," says co-author Mark Peterson, Ph.D., M.S., FACSM, assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation and a member of U-M's Institute for Healthcare Policy & Innovation and Neuroscience Graduate Program. Some patients' functional neuroimaging results improved as well. Some patients improved to a minimally conscious state while others even tried to speak to their loved ones, for perhaps the first time in years. Depending on the condition, progress was reported for coma recovery, dystonia, Parkinson's disease and other scales that measure motor, auditory and verbal abilities. In all, more than 20 neurological disorders were part of the review.įor most patients who saw improvement after taking zolpidem, the effects tended to last one to four hours but were repeatable. In addition, some other patients who had experienced a stroke or traumatic brain injury, or patients with dementia, were prescribed for a range of symptoms, including aphasia, apathy and motor coordination. That includes those in comas and vegetative states, and others with Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Most of the patients who responded to zolpidem for noninsomnia neurological disorders had either a disorder of consciousness or a movement disorder, Bomalaski reports. For one of the first systematic reviews of this unique effect, he spent two years combing through all the case studies and small trials that have been published.
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"We saw a dramatic effect in a small amount of patients with a variety of conditions," says Martin "Nick" Bomalaski, M.D., an outgoing resident physician in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. In a new systematic review in JAMA Neurology, Michigan Medicine researchers found reason to further explore the surprising effects of zolpidem that have been observed outside the scope of its primary Food and Drug Administration approval.